This book makes an original and significant contribution to Keynesian macroeconomics. The IS-LM model is a basic workhorse of Keynesian macroeconomics. However, its financial aspects are extremely rudimentary and the link between the real and the financial sector is extremely tenuous. Hence, neither the IS-LM model nor IS-LM-based models can be applied to the major economic issues facing today's world. This book develops alternative models in the Keynesian tradition that incorporate financial institutions and make explicit the intimate link between the processes of generation of income, saving, credit and expenditure. It subsequently uses these models to address the major current macroeconomic issues that India and the rest of the world are confronted with. In the Indian context, it focuses on the issues of unemployment, growth, recession, bank performance, banking sector reforms and corruption. It also seeks to identify the causes of economic crises in Greece and the US. The analysis reveals a common trend in the economies considered here: the policy framework within which they function is recessionary, exploitative and fosters unemployment, inequality and poverty. Further, this framework is leading these economies farther away from the goal that every civilized society should strive to achieve, namely, providing all citizens with suitably gainful jobs and adequate access to quality food, clothing, shelter, education and health care. The book seeks to identify the cause of this malady, and puts forward policies to remedy it. It thus contains takeaways for academia, think tanks as well as policy makers.

This book makes an original and significant contribution to Keynesian macroeconomics. The IS-LM model is a basic workhorse of Keynesian macroeconomics. However, its financial aspects are extremely rudimentary and the link between the real and the financial sector is extremely tenuous. Hence, neither the IS-LM model nor IS-LM-based models can be applied to the major economic issues facing today's world. This book develops alternative models in the Keynesian tradition that incorporate financial institutions and make explicit the intimate link between the processes of generation of income, saving, credit and expenditure. It subsequently uses these models to address the major current macroeconomic issues that India and the rest of the world are confronted with. In the Indian context, it focuses on the issues of unemployment, growth, recession, bank performance, banking sector reforms and corruption. It also seeks to identify the causes of economic crises in Greece and the US. The analysis reveals a common trend in the economies considered here: the policy framework within which they function is recessionary, exploitative and fosters unemployment, inequality and poverty. Further, this framework is leading these economies farther away from the goal that every civilized society should strive to achieve, namely, providing all citizens with suitably gainful jobs and adequate access to quality food, clothing, shelter, education and health care. The book seeks to identify the cause of this malady, and puts forward policies to remedy it. It thus contains takeaways for academia, think tanks as well as policy makers.

The book compares neoclassical and Marxian economics and points out that both the schools of thought seek to analyze how a capitalist society functions. The authors show that the neoclassical economics vindicates capitalism and prescribes policies that further the interest of the rich (giant capitalists), who own most of the non-human productive resources of the economy, whereas Marxian analysis yields the result that a capitalist society is exploitative and crisis-prone. Marxian economics also suggests that the class struggle inherent in a capitalist society will eventually transform it into an equal, just and humane socialist society The book also presents Keynesian theory, which suggests measures that can counter at least some of the crises that Marx said a capitalist country is subject to. It discusses the current state of the capitalist world, the recent crises it was subject to and assesses the three theories in the light of these experiences. It recounts the current states of two important socialist states, namely, China and Cuba. It discusses the economic performance of Soviet Union since its birth and explains the reasons for its disintegration. It compares economic performances of the capitalist and the socialist states and assesses in the light of the experiences of these two blocs of countries which school of thought is more acceptable and closer to the truth.

The objective of the theory of public finance is to determine the optimal scales of government interventions or expenditures in different areas and the optimum modes of financing these expenditures. The theories continuously search for better, more acceptable and easier-to-implement solutions to the problems encountered. This book, in its third edition, continues to present, in detail, the theories of public finance, fundamental principles, and decisions taken by the Government on the basis of the guidelines yielded by these theories. This book exposes the students to various facets of public finance which develops analytical frameworks to: Address the issues of efficient allocation of resources between private, public and mixed goods Ensure equitable distribution of tax burden among individuals Find ways of minimizing inefficiency of the tax structure Study the statutory and economic incidence of different types of taxes Examine the implications of government borrowing Develop the rationale of distributing economic or fiscal responsibilities and tax powers among different tiers of government. The book makes the comprehension of the subject easier by developing simple mathematical models to derive the major results in each of the above areas, and by explaining the economic intuition of the results in detail. The concepts are illustrated with the help of simple examples taken from the Indian economy. Moreover, the book assesses India's economic policies in the light of the theories discussed. Another distinguishing feature of the book is that it contains a large number of review questions and numerical problems on every topic discussed, to help the students apply the tools and techniques learnt, and thereby, develop a sound understanding of the subject. This textbook is designed to serve the needs of undergraduate and postgraduate students of economics for the paper Public Finance/Public Economics. NEW TO THE THIRD EDITION: Introduces a new Chapter 11 on Goods and Services Tax (GST) Incorporates updated data (in the tables) throughout, including the newly revised tax slabs.

India is an open economy, and the dynamics of it can be witnessed from the inflation and deflation of the rupee value in the market. This comprehensive book on Indian Economy shows how it behaves, and how its parameters are weighed and analyzed vis-a-vis the macroeconomic theories. This book attempts to make a more complete and clearer presentation of the basic models of macroeconomics principles, and their effect on India's current economic conditions. International Monetary Fund (IMF) thrusted upon New Economic Policy in India, which aims at leaving the allocation of resources entirely to the market forces deriving its rationale from neoclassical macroeconomics. This neoclassical macroeconomics is dealt with in a proper perspective in the book. Part I presents the basic models of open economy macroeconomics, and Part II applies them to explain India's recent macroeconomic performance. The book also assesses India's current fiscal policy, monetary policy and the policy of forcible land acquisition for promotion of modern industry. The book is designed as a reference for the undergraduate and postgraduate students of Economics.

The objective of the theory of public finance is to determine the optimal scales of government interventions or expenditures in different areas, and the optimum modes of financing these expenditures. The problems that governments handle are complex, and this makes the theory of public finance challenging. It is continuously searching for better, more acceptable and easier-to-implement solutions to problems. This book, now in its second edition, examines the major theories of public finance, starting with fundamental principles, and explains how government decisions are taken on the basis of the guidelines based on these theories. This new edition includes updated data throughout, including newly revised tax slabs. This book exposes students to various facets of public finance to help develop analytical frameworks to: Address issues of efficient allocation of resources between private, public and mixed good. Ensure equitable distribution of the tax burden among individuals. Find ways of minimizing the inefficiency of the tax structure. Study the statutory and economic incidence of different types of taxes. Examine the implications of government borrowing. Develop a rationale of distributing economic or fiscal responsibilities and tax powers among different tiers of government. The book makes understanding the subject easier by developing simple mathematical models to derive major results in each of the above areas, and by explaining the economics behind the results in detail. The concepts are illustrated with the help of simple examples taken from the Indian economy. Moreover, the book assesses India's economic policies in the light of the theories discussed. Another distinguishing feature is that it contains a large number of review questions and numerical problems on every topic discussed to help students apply the techniques learnt, and thereby, develop a sound understanding of the subject.